{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-coordination", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-coordination", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/", "article_title": "The Battleground You Live In", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How can the United States adapt cyberspace policies to protect national security as artificial intelligence and Web 3.0 develop?", "question": "What U.S. coordination problems does the study identify?", "answer": "The study describes fragmented federal, state, and private-sector rules alongside strong U.S. technical and military cyber capabilities. It also identifies privacy, liability, and competitive concerns that discourage companies from sharing information with government.", "basis": "Study findings", "limitations": "These are findings from the study’s documentary comparison, not measurements of the effect of any particular rule or a description verified against today’s policies. The article’s three-state hospital example is explicitly illustrative.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#the-country-with-everything", "label": "The country with everything", "locator": "Published explainer section: “The country with everything.”"}, {"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#everyone-assumes-the-biggest-wins", "label": "Everyone assumes the biggest wins", "locator": "Published explainer section: “Everyone assumes the biggest wins.”"}], "source": "research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "084feb267289f865278f76ace79943eada9670fd3cf88619d664781625743348", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/waddell-2025-cyberspace-policies/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "csl": {"id": "waddell2025advancing", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "waddell2025advancing", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Strategic Intelligence)", "ISBN": "979-8-3101-4740-9", "language": "en", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0: A comparative case study on securing United States national security interests", "title-short": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "author": [{"family": "Waddell", "given": "Scott Wayne"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 2]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest document ID": "3180520287"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}, "title": "Reported U.S. coordination and information-sharing gaps", "finding": "The study describes fragmented federal, state, and private-sector rules alongside strong U.S. technical and military cyber capabilities. It also identifies privacy, liability, and competitive concerns that discourage companies from sharing information with government."}
{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-web3", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-web3", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/", "article_title": "The Battleground You Live In", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How can the United States adapt cyberspace policies to protect national security as artificial intelligence and Web 3.0 develop?", "question": "How much evidence addresses Web 3.0?", "answer": "The explainer reports that five of the 184 tagged references in the policy-adaptation theme concerned the impact of Web 3.0. It describes Web 3.0 as thinly represented in this part of the evidence despite its prominence in the study’s title.", "basis": "Study findings", "limitations": "These counts concern one coding theme, not all 989 tagged references or a count of documents. They do not establish that Web 3.0 is ineffective or show how widely it is deployed today.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#everyone-assumes-the-biggest-wins", "label": "Everyone assumes the biggest wins", "locator": "Published explainer section: “Everyone assumes the biggest wins.”"}], "source": "research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "084feb267289f865278f76ace79943eada9670fd3cf88619d664781625743348", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/waddell-2025-cyberspace-policies/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "csl": {"id": "waddell2025advancing", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "waddell2025advancing", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Strategic Intelligence)", "ISBN": "979-8-3101-4740-9", "language": "en", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0: A comparative case study on securing United States national security interests", "title-short": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "author": [{"family": "Waddell", "given": "Scott Wayne"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 2]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest document ID": "3180520287"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}, "title": "Limited Web 3.0 coverage in the policy-adaptation theme", "finding": "The explainer reports that five of the 184 tagged references in the policy-adaptation theme concerned the impact of Web 3.0. It describes Web 3.0 as thinly represented in this part of the evidence despite its prominence in the study’s title."}
{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-privacy", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-privacy", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/", "article_title": "The Officers Said No", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Trei McMullen, D.G.S.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How do unconscious bias and the adoption and use of emerging police technologies affect citizen security and privacy in Florida?", "question": "What did civilians and officers say about privacy?", "answer": "On whether police technology intrudes too much on privacy and security, ten of twenty civilians answered yes and ten answered no. The dissertation reports an even split among officers on a differently worded question: five yes and five no.", "basis": "Study findings", "limitations": "The questions were worded differently, and these are self-reported opinions from small volunteer samples. They do not measure the prevalence of privacy harms or statewide public opinion.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#what-twenty-people-and-ten-officers-said", "label": "The two privacy questions and responses", "locator": "Dissertation pp. 52–58 and 63–68, as cited in the article."}], "source": "research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "a276829b90525d2879bd2462bc9318f47f5ba4bf7c713434c431c9ccf790debf", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/mcmullen-2025-unconscious-bias/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "csl": {"id": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Global Security)", "language": "en", "number-of-pages": "148", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies, and effects on the security and privacy of citizens in Florida: A case study of Florida", "title-short": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "author": [{"family": "McMullen", "given": "Trei"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 4]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest Number": "31848616", "ProQuest document ID": "3192204026"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}, "title": "Reported opinions on privacy intrusion", "finding": "On whether police technology intrudes too much on privacy and security, ten of twenty civilians answered yes and ten answered no. The dissertation reports an even split among officers on a differently worded question: five yes and five no."}
{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-voice", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-voice", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/", "article_title": "The Officers Said No", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Trei McMullen, D.G.S.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How do unconscious bias and the adoption and use of emerging police technologies affect citizen security and privacy in Florida?", "question": "Did having a voice make people follow the law?", "answer": "The surveys measured beliefs, not changes in behavior. Fourteen of twenty civilians said that having a voice in laws would make them more likely to follow them. Seven of ten officers said citizens are more likely to follow laws when they feel heard.", "basis": "Study findings", "limitations": "The groups answered different questions. The officer question concerned citizens, although the results chapter describes it as concerning officers themselves. These responses do not establish that participation caused greater compliance.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#what-twenty-people-and-ten-officers-said", "label": "Beliefs about voice and the wording discrepancy", "locator": "Dissertation p. 28 and pp. 52–58 and 63–68, as cited in the article."}], "source": "research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "a276829b90525d2879bd2462bc9318f47f5ba4bf7c713434c431c9ccf790debf", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/mcmullen-2025-unconscious-bias/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "csl": {"id": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Global Security)", "language": "en", "number-of-pages": "148", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies, and effects on the security and privacy of citizens in Florida: A case study of Florida", "title-short": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "author": [{"family": "McMullen", "given": "Trei"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 4]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest Number": "31848616", "ProQuest document ID": "3192204026"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}, "title": "Beliefs about having a voice and following laws", "finding": "The surveys measured beliefs, not changes in behavior. Fourteen of twenty civilians said that having a voice in laws would make them more likely to follow them. Seven of ten officers said citizens are more likely to follow laws when they feel heard."}