{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-method", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-method", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/", "article_title": "The Battleground You Live In", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How can the United States adapt cyberspace policies to protect national security as artificial intelligence and Web 3.0 develop?", "question": "Which countries and evidence did the study compare?", "answer": "The study compares Estonia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States using eighteen structured questions across six themes. Its evidence consists of national strategies, laws, government reports, academic papers, and industry white papers. It used documentary analysis; no one was interviewed.", "basis": "Study methods", "limitations": "The documents show what institutions reported, which may differ from implementation. The comparison is a snapshot of the evidence collected for the 2025 study; exact collection dates are not reported in the published explainer.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#four-countries-one-lens", "label": "Four countries, one lens", "locator": "Published explainer section: “Four countries, one lens.”"}, {"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#everyone-assumes-the-biggest-wins", "label": "Everyone assumes the biggest wins", "locator": "Published explainer section: “Everyone assumes the biggest wins.”"}], "source": "research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "084feb267289f865278f76ace79943eada9670fd3cf88619d664781625743348", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/waddell-2025-cyberspace-policies/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "csl": {"id": "waddell2025advancing", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "waddell2025advancing", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Strategic Intelligence)", "ISBN": "979-8-3101-4740-9", "language": "en", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0: A comparative case study on securing United States national security interests", "title-short": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "author": [{"family": "Waddell", "given": "Scott Wayne"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 2]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest document ID": "3180520287"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}}
{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-counts", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-counts", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/", "article_title": "The Battleground You Live In", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How can the United States adapt cyberspace policies to protect national security as artificial intelligence and Web 3.0 develop?", "question": "Do more coded references mean better cybersecurity?", "answer": "No. The explainer totals 989 tagged references across the six theme tables. These are coded references, not a count of documents or a performance score. Its suggestion that the United States may have higher counts because it produces more documents is the explainer author’s interpretation, not a finding attributed to the dissertation.", "basis": "Explainer author’s interpretation", "limitations": "The counts describe attention within the analyzed material. They do not establish policy effectiveness, implementation quality, or a ranking of national cybersecurity performance.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#four-countries-one-lens", "label": "Four countries, one lens", "locator": "Published explainer section: “Four countries, one lens.”"}], "source": "research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "084feb267289f865278f76ace79943eada9670fd3cf88619d664781625743348", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/waddell-2025-cyberspace-policies/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "csl": {"id": "waddell2025advancing", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "waddell2025advancing", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Strategic Intelligence)", "ISBN": "979-8-3101-4740-9", "language": "en", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0: A comparative case study on securing United States national security interests", "title-short": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "author": [{"family": "Waddell", "given": "Scott Wayne"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 2]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest document ID": "3180520287"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}}
{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-coordination", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-coordination", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/", "article_title": "The Battleground You Live In", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How can the United States adapt cyberspace policies to protect national security as artificial intelligence and Web 3.0 develop?", "question": "What U.S. coordination problems does the study identify?", "answer": "The study describes fragmented federal, state, and private-sector rules alongside strong U.S. technical and military cyber capabilities. It also identifies privacy, liability, and competitive concerns that discourage companies from sharing information with government.", "basis": "Study findings", "limitations": "These are findings from the study’s documentary comparison, not measurements of the effect of any particular rule or a description verified against today’s policies. The article’s three-state hospital example is explicitly illustrative.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#the-country-with-everything", "label": "The country with everything", "locator": "Published explainer section: “The country with everything.”"}, {"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#everyone-assumes-the-biggest-wins", "label": "Everyone assumes the biggest wins", "locator": "Published explainer section: “Everyone assumes the biggest wins.”"}], "source": "research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "084feb267289f865278f76ace79943eada9670fd3cf88619d664781625743348", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/waddell-2025-cyberspace-policies/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "csl": {"id": "waddell2025advancing", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "waddell2025advancing", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Strategic Intelligence)", "ISBN": "979-8-3101-4740-9", "language": "en", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0: A comparative case study on securing United States national security interests", "title-short": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "author": [{"family": "Waddell", "given": "Scott Wayne"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 2]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest document ID": "3180520287"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}}
{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-web3", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-web3", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/", "article_title": "The Battleground You Live In", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How can the United States adapt cyberspace policies to protect national security as artificial intelligence and Web 3.0 develop?", "question": "How much evidence addresses Web 3.0?", "answer": "The explainer reports that five of the 184 tagged references in the policy-adaptation theme concerned the impact of Web 3.0. It describes Web 3.0 as thinly represented in this part of the evidence despite its prominence in the study’s title.", "basis": "Study findings", "limitations": "These counts concern one coding theme, not all 989 tagged references or a count of documents. They do not establish that Web 3.0 is ineffective or show how widely it is deployed today.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#everyone-assumes-the-biggest-wins", "label": "Everyone assumes the biggest wins", "locator": "Published explainer section: “Everyone assumes the biggest wins.”"}], "source": "research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "084feb267289f865278f76ace79943eada9670fd3cf88619d664781625743348", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/waddell-2025-cyberspace-policies/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "csl": {"id": "waddell2025advancing", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "waddell2025advancing", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Strategic Intelligence)", "ISBN": "979-8-3101-4740-9", "language": "en", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0: A comparative case study on securing United States national security interests", "title-short": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "author": [{"family": "Waddell", "given": "Scott Wayne"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 2]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest document ID": "3180520287"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}}
{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-recommendations", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#question-cyber-recommendations", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/", "article_title": "The Battleground You Live In", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How can the United States adapt cyberspace policies to protect national security as artificial intelligence and Web 3.0 develop?", "question": "What does the study recommend for U.S. policy?", "answer": "As summarized in the explainer, the study recommends a more unified national framework, formal and incentivized public-private cooperation, and sustained cybersecurity education and workforce development. It calls for adapting practices to the United States rather than adopting a universal blueprint.", "basis": "Study recommendations", "limitations": "These are policy proposals, not interventions whose effects were tested by this study. Lessons from smaller or more centralized countries may not transfer directly to the U.S. federal system.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#who-holds-the-domain", "label": "Who holds the domain", "locator": "Published explainer section: “Who holds the domain.”"}, {"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/#everyone-assumes-the-biggest-wins", "label": "Everyone assumes the biggest wins", "locator": "Published explainer section: “Everyone assumes the biggest wins.”"}], "source": "research/cyberspace-policy-resilience/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "084feb267289f865278f76ace79943eada9670fd3cf88619d664781625743348", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/waddell-2025-cyberspace-policies/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "csl": {"id": "waddell2025advancing", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "waddell2025advancing", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Strategic Intelligence)", "ISBN": "979-8-3101-4740-9", "language": "en", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0: A comparative case study on securing United States national security interests", "title-short": "Advancing U.S. cyberspace policies in the age of AI and Web 3.0", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3180520287", "author": [{"family": "Waddell", "given": "Scott Wayne"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 2]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest document ID": "3180520287"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}}
{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-participants", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-participants", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/", "article_title": "The Officers Said No", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Trei McMullen, D.G.S.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How do unconscious bias and the adoption and use of emerging police technologies affect citizen security and privacy in Florida?", "question": "Who took part in the study, and can they represent Florida?", "answer": "Twenty civilians and ten current or former Florida officers answered anonymous online surveys. Fifteen civilians lived in Florida and five lived elsewhere. Participants volunteered; they were not selected randomly.", "basis": "Study methods", "limitations": "These small volunteer samples cannot be treated as representative of all Florida residents or police officers.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#what-twenty-people-and-ten-officers-said", "label": "Participants and survey design", "locator": "Dissertation pp. 52–58 and 63–68, as cited in the article."}, {"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#where-the-study-is-thin-and-where-it-is-not", "label": "Limits of the study", "locator": "Dissertation p. 52, as cited in the article."}], "source": "research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "a276829b90525d2879bd2462bc9318f47f5ba4bf7c713434c431c9ccf790debf", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/mcmullen-2025-unconscious-bias/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "csl": {"id": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Global Security)", "language": "en", "number-of-pages": "148", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies, and effects on the security and privacy of citizens in Florida: A case study of Florida", "title-short": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "author": [{"family": "McMullen", "given": "Trei"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 4]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest Number": "31848616", "ProQuest document ID": "3192204026"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}}
{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-privacy", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-privacy", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/", "article_title": "The Officers Said No", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Trei McMullen, D.G.S.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How do unconscious bias and the adoption and use of emerging police technologies affect citizen security and privacy in Florida?", "question": "What did civilians and officers say about privacy?", "answer": "On whether police technology intrudes too much on privacy and security, ten of twenty civilians answered yes and ten answered no. The dissertation reports an even split among officers on a differently worded question: five yes and five no.", "basis": "Study findings", "limitations": "The questions were worded differently, and these are self-reported opinions from small volunteer samples. They do not measure the prevalence of privacy harms or statewide public opinion.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#what-twenty-people-and-ten-officers-said", "label": "The two privacy questions and responses", "locator": "Dissertation pp. 52–58 and 63–68, as cited in the article."}], "source": "research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "a276829b90525d2879bd2462bc9318f47f5ba4bf7c713434c431c9ccf790debf", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/mcmullen-2025-unconscious-bias/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "csl": {"id": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Global Security)", "language": "en", "number-of-pages": "148", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies, and effects on the security and privacy of citizens in Florida: A case study of Florida", "title-short": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "author": [{"family": "McMullen", "given": "Trei"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 4]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest Number": "31848616", "ProQuest document ID": "3192204026"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}}
{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-voice", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-voice", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/", "article_title": "The Officers Said No", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Trei McMullen, D.G.S.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How do unconscious bias and the adoption and use of emerging police technologies affect citizen security and privacy in Florida?", "question": "Did having a voice make people follow the law?", "answer": "The surveys measured beliefs, not changes in behavior. Fourteen of twenty civilians said that having a voice in laws would make them more likely to follow them. Seven of ten officers said citizens are more likely to follow laws when they feel heard.", "basis": "Study findings", "limitations": "The groups answered different questions. The officer question concerned citizens, although the results chapter describes it as concerning officers themselves. These responses do not establish that participation caused greater compliance.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#what-twenty-people-and-ten-officers-said", "label": "Beliefs about voice and the wording discrepancy", "locator": "Dissertation p. 28 and pp. 52–58 and 63–68, as cited in the article."}], "source": "research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "a276829b90525d2879bd2462bc9318f47f5ba4bf7c713434c431c9ccf790debf", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/mcmullen-2025-unconscious-bias/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "csl": {"id": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Global Security)", "language": "en", "number-of-pages": "148", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies, and effects on the security and privacy of citizens in Florida: A case study of Florida", "title-short": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "author": [{"family": "McMullen", "given": "Trei"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 4]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest Number": "31848616", "ProQuest document ID": "3192204026"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}}
{"id": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-unanswered", "canonical_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#question-unanswered", "article_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/", "article_title": "The Officers Said No", "article_author": "Scott W. Waddell, D.S.I.", "research_author": "Trei McMullen, D.G.S.", "research_year": 2025, "research_question": "How do unconscious bias and the adoption and use of emerging police technologies affect citizen security and privacy in Florida?", "question": "Which research questions remain unanswered?", "answer": "The explainer author concludes that the printed survey directly reaches only the second of the dissertation’s four research questions, through perceptions. It does not directly address questions such as how agencies choose technologies or detect bias during hiring, training, and service.", "basis": "Explainer author’s interpretation", "limitations": "This is the article author’s comparison, not a conclusion attributed to the dissertation. The assessment is limited to the printed instrument; the article notes inconsistent descriptions of the survey format. Planned interviews did not proceed, limiting the study’s depth.", "evidence": [{"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#where-the-study-is-thin-and-where-it-is-not", "label": "The author’s assessment of the printed questions", "locator": "Article section: “Where the study is thin, and where it is not.”"}, {"url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/#what-the-study-set-out-to-do", "label": "Original aims and the abandoned interviews", "locator": "Dissertation pp. 121–122, as cited in the article."}], "source": "research/police-technology-privacy-public-trust/explainer/index.html", "source_sha256": "a276829b90525d2879bd2462bc9318f47f5ba4bf7c713434c431c9ccf790debf", "date_modified": "2026-09-16", "language": "en", "provenance": "Summary of the published explainer. Evidence locators identify its sections and any source pages it supplies; this guide is not an independent review of the dissertation.", "source_citation": {"record_url": "https://www.strategicintelligenceresearch.org/references/mcmullen-2025-unconscious-bias/", "original_url": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "csl": {"id": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "type": "thesis", "archive": "ProQuest Dissertations & Theses", "citation-key": "mcmullen2025unconscious", "genre": "Doctoral dissertation (Doctor of Global Security)", "language": "en", "number-of-pages": "148", "publisher": "American Public University System", "source": "ProQuest", "title": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies, and effects on the security and privacy of citizens in Florida: A case study of Florida", "title-short": "Unconscious bias on the implementation and utilization of emerging technologies by law enforcement agencies", "URL": "https://www.proquest.com/docview/3192204026", "author": [{"family": "McMullen", "given": "Trei"}], "issued": {"date-parts": [[2025, 4]]}}, "identifiers": {"ProQuest Number": "31848616", "ProQuest document ID": "3192204026"}, "metadata_authority": "Zotero"}}